Is It a Sinus Infection or Seasonal Allergies?

This time of year, it’s easy to confuse sinus infections and seasonal allergies. You’re probably staying inside—where the germs that cause sinusitis can spread easily—to avoid the cold weather. But spring, one of the most difficult times for allergy sufferers, is right around the corner. So, when you feel that telltale twinge in your sinuses, how do you know which it is: sinus infection or allergies? 

A sinus infection, also called “sinusitis,” presents in two forms: acute or chronic. Acute sinus infections last from 10 days to eight weeks, and a chronic sinus infection lasts much longer—it’s typically ongoing. 

Both forms of sinusitis are caused by a virus or bacteria, which leads to inflammation in your sinuses, or the spaces in your cheeks, nose, and forehead. This inflammation leads to the hallmark symptom of a sinus infection: the sinus headache. Although sinus infections aren’t considered contagious, the viruses and bacteria that cause them can spread from person to person.
If you think you have a sinus infection, watch for the following symptoms: 

• stuffy nose

• runny nose

• facial pressure

• postnasal drip, or mucus in the back of one’s throat

• fever

• pressure or pain in the ears

• pressure or pain in the mouth or teeth

• cough

• headache

• fatigue

• bad breath
   

If you suspect you’re suffering from a sinus infection, you may find relief at home with a cool-mist humidifier, warm compress, nasal irrigation tool, saline rinse, or steamy shower. 

Allergies pop up at different times of the year for different people, but spring has a reputation for being the most challenging time for allergy sufferers.

Unlike sinus infections, which are typically caused by a virus or bacteria, allergies are the body’s response to substances and materials that are usually harmless. Common seasonal allergies include: 

• tree pollen

• grass pollen

• ragweed

• mold

Tree and grass pollen tend to be specific to spring and summer, whereas ragweed and mold are culprits of fall seasonal allergies. Some allergens, such as pollen, molds, pet dander, and dust mites, can cause symptoms throughout the year, regardless of the weather. 

If you think you have seasonal allergies, watch for the following symptoms:

• congestion

• sneezing

• coughing

• fatigue

• postnasal drip, or mucus in the back of one’s throat

• runny nose

• watery eyes

• itchy throat, nose, and eyes

• swollen eyes, lips, mouth, or throat

Staying well hydrated can help combat allergies, because drinking water helps thin the mucus in nasal passages and reduce congestion. 

As you can see, seasonal allergies and sinus infections have many overlapping symptoms, so if you’re not feeling well, a primary care provider can help diagnose your symptoms and suggest treatments. If you do not have one, find a primary care physician or nurse practitioner near you who is accepting new patients. 

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Treatments for sinus infections may include pain relievers, decongestants, nasal sprays, and more. For seasonal allergies, many people may choose to take an allergy medication either over the counter or prescribed by their doctor. If symptoms like these present at any time of the year, don’t delay. Schedule an appointment with your doctor so you can return to feeling well.

If a sinus infection or allergies strike while your doctor’s office is closed, consider scheduling a same-day appointment to speak with a BJC provider quickly. 

• Reserve a time at one of the BJC Medical Group’s Convenient Care locations.

• Schedule a virtual care appointment via video from the comfort of your home.